Издание манифеста 3 июня об изменении порядка выборов: Издание манифеста 3 июня об изменении порядка выборов в Государственную думу современники назвали государственным переворотом, так как:

Третья Государственная Дума 1907 — 1912 — История России

«ТРЕТЬЕИЮНЬСКИЙ ПЕРЕВОРОТ»

Николай II 3 июня 1907 объявил о роспуске II Думы и изменении избирательного закона (с юридической точки зрения это означало государственный переворот). Депутаты Второй Думы разъехались по домам. Как и ожидал П.Столыпин, никакой революционной вспышки не последовало. Считается общепринятым, что акт 3 июня 1907 означал завершение российской революции 1905–1907.

В Манифесте о роспуске Государственной Думы 3 июня 1907 сказано: «… Значительная часть состава второй Государственной Думы не оправдала ожиданий Наших. Не с чистым сердцем, не с желанием укрепить Россию и улучшить ее строй, приступили многие из присланных от населения лиц к работе, а с явным стремлением увеличить смуту и способствовать разложению Государства.

Деятельность этих лиц в Государственной Думе послужила неопреодолимым препятствием к плодотворной работе. В среду самой Думы внесен был дух вражды, помешавший сплотиться достаточному числу членов ее, желавших работать на пользу родной земли.

По этой причине выработанные Правительством Нашим обширные мероприятия Государственная Дума или не подвергала вовсе рассмотрению, или замедляла обсуждением, или отвергала, не остановившись даже перед отклонением законов, каравших открытое восхваление преступления и сугубо наказывавших сеятелей смуты в войсках. Уклонившись от осуждения убийств и насилий. Государственная Дума не оказала в деле водворения порядка нравственного содействия Правительству, и Россия продолжает переживать позор преступного лихолетия <…>

Право запросов Правительству значительная часть Думы превратила в способ борьбы с Правительством и возбуждения недоверия к нему в широких слоях населения.

Наконец свершилось деяние, неслыханное в летописях истории. Судебной властью был раскрыт заговор целой части Государственной Думы против Государства и Царской Власти. Когда же Правительство Наше потребовало временного, до окончания суда, устранения обвиняемых в преступлении этом пятидесяти пяти членов Думы и заключения наиболее уличаемых из них под стражу, то Государственная Дума не исполнила немедленно законного требования властей, не допускавшего никакого отлагательства.

Все это побудил Нас указом, данным Правительствующему Сенату 3 сего июня, Государственную Думу второго созыва распустить, определив срок созыва новой Думы на 1 Ноября сего 1907…»

Энциклопедия «Кругосвет»

http://krugosvet.ru/enc/istoriya/GOSUDARSTVENNAYA_DUMA_ROSSISKO_IMPERII.html?page=0,6#part-5

НОВЫЙ ПОРЯДОК ВЫБОРОВ

Глава первая

ОБЩИЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ

Ст. 1. Выборы в Государственную думу производятся:

1) по губерниям и областям, указанным в статьях 2-4 сего Положения, и

2) по городам: С.-Петербургу и Москве, а также Варшаве, Киеву, Лодзи, Одессе и Риге.

Ст. 2. Выборы в Государственную думу от губерний, управляемых по общему учреждению, а равно от губерний Тобольской и Томской, от области Войска Донского и от городов: С.-Петербурга, Москвы, Киева, Одессы и Риги производятся на основаниях, указанных в статьях 6 и следующих сего Положения.

Ст. 3. Выборы в Государственную думу от губерний и городов Царства Польского, от губерний Енисейской и Иркутской, а равно от православного населения Люблинской и Седлецкой губерний и от казаков Уральского казачьего войска, производится на основаниях, указанных в Положении о выборах в Государственную думу, изд. 1906 г. (Свода зак. т. I, ч. II).

Примечание: Отдельные выборы члена Государственной думы от города Иркутска не производятся. Лица, владевшие избирательным цензом по городу Иркутску, образуют общий съезд городских избирателей совместно с городскими избирателями Иркутского уезда; число выборщиков от съездов Иркутской губернии определяется приложенным к сей статье расписанием.

Ст. 4. Выборы в Государственную думу по областям и губерниям Кавказского края, по областям Амурской, Приморской и Забайкальской, а равно от русского населения Виленской и Ковенской губерний и города Варшавы, производятся на основании особых, приложенных у сего правил.

Ст. 5. Число членов Государственной думы по губерниям, областям и городам устанавливается приложенным к сей статье расписанием.

Из «Положений о выборах в Государственную Думу от 3 июня 1907 года» (Именной высочайший указ правительствующему сенату от 3 июня 1907 г.)

http://www.runivers.ru/doc/d2.php?SECTION_ID=6776&CENTER_ELEMENT_ID=147282&PORTAL_ID=7138

ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ ТРЕТЬЕЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ДУМЫ

Из мемуаров П.Н. Милюкова

Первая русская революция закончилась государственным переворотом 3 июня 1907 года: изданием нового избирательного «закона», который мы, кадеты, не хотели называть «законом», а называли «положением». Но провести логически это различие не было, однако, возможности: здесь не было грани. Если гранью считать манифест 17 октября, то «положением», а не «законом», были уже, в сущности, «основные законы», изданные перед самым созывом Первой Думы: это уже был первый «государственный переворот». Тогда и теперь победили силы старого порядка: неограниченная монархия и поместное дворянство. Тогда и теперь их победа была неполная, и борьба между старым, отживавшим правом и зародышами нового продолжалась и теперь, только к одной узде над народным представительством прибавлялась другая: классовой избирательный закон. Но и это было, опять, только перемирие, а не мир. Настоящие победители шли гораздо дальше: они стремились к полной реставрации…

По положению 3 июня выборы оставались многостепенными, но количество выборщиков, посылавших депутатов в Государственную Думу на последней ступени, в губернских съездах было так распределено между различными социальными группами, чтобы дать перевес поместному дворянству.

Так, с прибавкой из городов, были проведены в Думу 154 октябриста (из 442). Чтобы составить свое большинство, правительство своим непосредственным влиянием выделило из правых группу в 70 человек «умеренно-правых». Составилось неустойчивое большинство в 224. К ним пришлось присоединить менее связанных «националистов» (26) и уже совсем необузданных черносотенцев (50). Так создана была группа в 300 членов, готовых подчиняться велениям правительства и оправдывавших двойную кличку Третьей Думы: «барская» и «лакейская» Дума.

Как видим, большинство это было искусственно создано и далеко не однородно. Если Гучков мог сказать, в первых же заседаниях Думы, что «тот государственный переворот, который совершен был нашим монархом, является установлением конституционного строя», то его обязательный союзник Балашов, лидер «умеренно-правых», тут же возразил: «Мы конституции не признаем и не подразумеваем под словами: «обновленный государственный строй»…

Не было, однако, в этой Думе единства и в рядах побежденных, — хотя бы в той степени, в какой, с грехом пополам, оно все же сохранялось в двух первых Думах. Там мы могли считать, что в борьбе с самодержавием была побеждена вся «прогрессивная» Россия. Но теперь мы знали, что побежденных был не один, а двое. Если мы боролись против самодержавного права за конституционное право, то мы не могли не сознавать, что против нас стоял в этой борьбе еще один противник — революционное право. И мы не могли, по убеждению и по совести, не считать, что самое слово «право» принадлежит нам одним. «Право» и «закон» теперь оставались нашей специальной целью борьбы, несмотря ни на что. «Революция» сошла со сцены, но — навсегда ли? Ее представители стояли тут же, рядом. Могли ли мы считать их своими союзниками? Нашими союзниками, хотя бы и временными, они себя не считали. Их цели, их тактика были и оставались другие. После тяжелых уроков первых двух Дум с этим нельзя было не сообразоваться. Я говорил, что уже во Второй Думе конституционно-демократическая партия совершенно эмансипировалась от тех отношений «дружбы-вражды», которыми она считала себя связанной в Первой Думе. В Третьей Думе разъединение пошло еще дальше.

ТРЕТЬЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ДУМА И ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВО СТОЛЫПИНА

В I сессию было налажено в общем успешное взаимодействие правительства Столыпина и III Думы. Однако в отдельных случаях Дума не соглашалась с министрами. Между Столыпиным и октябристами появилась трещина из-за оппозиционных выступлений и голосований последних. В частности, в январе 1908 октябристы проголосовали за желательность проекта о пересмотре бюджетных правил, в апреле – против бронирования штатов МПС и за обследование ж.д. думской комиссией, в апреле – мае критиковали деятельность МВД (Гучков в газетном интервью заявил, что действия властей «носят все следы дореформенной эпохи»), в мае проголосовали против военно-морской программы.

Начиная со II сессии (15.10.1908-2.6.1909) Столыпин совещался с депутатами не левее октябристов о рассматривавшихся в Думе проектах. Переизбираемая часть президиума Думы (в составе октябристов и националиста) был избран большинством от правых до кадетов. 20.10.1908 Дума голосами всех фракций против октябристов решила рассматривать крестьянскую реформу (уже действующую на основании 87-й ст. Основных законов) раньше преобразования местного суда (в результате этого решения и мировой войны оно было введено в действие лишь в 10 губ.).

Реформа крестьянского землевладения (после согласительной процедуры с Гос. советом в 1910 стала законом) прошла правооктябристским, а ее наиболее радикальные положения (о признании перешедшими к подворному владению общин, не проводивших переделы 24 года (отклонено Советом по требованию Столыпина) и о замене общинной собственности личной (а не семейной)) – центристским большинством с польскими фракциями. Были изданы законы о повышении содержания офицерам (против крайне левых), усилении наказаний за конокрадство (по инициативе крестьянской группы, против части левых), создании Камчатской обл. и Сахалинского губернаторства, а также Саратовского ун-та (против части правых) и школьно-строительного фонда (против части правых или единогласно). В конце 1908 были внесены в Думу проекты волостного и поселкового самоуправления. Столыпин планировал форсировать проведение первого, но фактически отказался от этих планов.

При рассмотрении проектов о смене исповедания, старообрядческих общинах и отмене ограничений для снявших духовных сан (внесены МВД, против последнего возражал тов. обер-прокурора Синода А.П. Рогович) октябристы восстановили положения, от которых правительство отказалось под давлением Синода. Проекты по этим вопросам были приняты левооктябристским большинством (всеми фракциями от октябристов до эсдеков), также как и проект о введении условного осуждения (при воздержании эсдеков с частью национально-правого крыла). Впоследствии они были формально или фактически отклонены Гос. советом (см. конфессиональные вопросы). Столыпин в качестве министра вн. дел взял обратно для получения заключения Синода проект об отношениях гос-ва к различным исповеданиям…

Политические позиции Столыпина за время сессии значительно ослабли. В феврале 1909 В.М. Пуришкевич заявил об оппозиции правых правительству как выступающему за конституционный строй. Весной Столыпин потерпел тяжелое политическое поражение в деле о Морского генштаба штатах, после чего стал постепенно отказываться от реформаторских планов (в частности, в вероисповедном и волостном вопросах). В правительственной политике стали усиливаться консервативные черты. В мае 1909 был внесен проект создания Холмской губ. (см. Холмский вопрос), хотя раньше его предполагалось приурочить к введению в Польше самоуправления. Столыпин поддержал предложение правой группы Гос. совета о введении выборов в Совет от западных губерний от национальных курий, но отказался от него под давлением октябристов…

После досрочной отставки пред. Хомякова Столыпин 4.3.1910 обратился к пред. ЦК и фракции союза 17 октября А.И. Гучкову с письмом следующего содержания: «Хотел Вам сказать, что председателем Государственной думы для пользы дела должен быть Ал[ександр] Ив[анович] Гучков». Он также был избран центристским большинством (голосами октябристов, националистов и прогрессистов против правых при воздержании кадетов и уклонении от выборов трудовиков и эсдеков). В своей вступительной речи Гучков выступил за укрепление конституционной монархии и потребовал проведения различных реформ. Он заявил: «Мы часто жалуемся на различные внешние препятствия, тормозящие нашу работу или искажающие ее конечные результаты… С ними нам приходится считаться, а может, придется и сосчитаться». В виду имелся Гос. совет. Очевидно, Гучков получил от Столыпина обещание путем новых назначений или иным способом добиться от Гос. совета одобрения думских реформ: трудно предположить, что Гучков рассчитывал сам добиться от Николая II давления на верхнюю палату или блефовал.

Основным законодательным итогом сессии стала одобрение октябристско-кадетским большинством (с частью националистов) реформы местного суда, предусматривавшей упразднение волостных судов, лишение земских начальников судебной власти и восстановление выборного мирового суда. Правооктябристским большинством был издан закон о праве законодательных палат империи издавать по важным вопросам законы, распространяющиеся на Финляндию. Были одобрены проекты о землеустройстве (развивал крестьянскую реформу, принят правоцентристским большинством, после согласительной процедуры с Гос. советом в 1911 стал законом), и создании западного земства (правоцентристским большинством без части правых и октябристов, отдельные положения – октябристско-кадетским большинством). При рассмотрении этих проектов единство октябристов, националистов и правительства в общем сохранялось…

Конституционный кризис 1911 привел к фактическому разрыву Думы со Столыпиным (в т.ч. к отставке Гучкова), расколу русской национальной фракции (единственной продолжавшей поддерживать правительство), а также к ухудшению отношений октябристов и националистов. С этого времени координация действий думского большинства и правительства окончательно прекращается. При рассмотрении бюджета МВД оратор фракции союза 17 октября С.И. Шидловский резко критиковал правительственную политику.

90000 Who to vote for in General Election 2017? Conservative, Labour, Lib Dem, SNP, Green and Ukip manifestos explained 90001 90002 TODAY UK voters have headed to the ballot box to decide who should be running the country for the next four years. 90003 90002 With polls predicting a tighter race than many had thought, we take a look at the key policies of each of the main parties. Here’s the lowdown … 90003 90002 7 90003 UK voters will be heading to the ballot box to decide who should be running the country for the next four years todayCredit: Getty Images 90008 90009 Who should I vote for in the General Election 2017? 90010 90011 90002 It really depends on what issues matter to you.90003 90002 All the usual talking points are being rolled out during campaigning — from skills to schools and health to homelessness. 90003 90002 But the elephant in the room is Europe and the Brexit negotiations. 90003 90002 «The country is coming together, but Westminster is not,» the Prime Minister said when she announced the election. 90003 90002 «Division in Westminster will risk our ability to make a success of Brexit and it will cause damaging uncertainty and instability to the country.90003 90022 90002 90009 General Election 2017 LIVE — get the latest news, results and reaction HERE 90010 90003 90022 90002 «So we need a General Election and we need one now, because we have at this moment a one-off chance to get this done while the European Union agrees its negotiating position and before the detailed talks begin.» 90003 90002 7 90003 The PM has said she will offer the country a «strong and stable» futureCredit: Reuters 90008 What’s in each party’s election manifesto? 90011 90034 90009 Conservatives 90010 90037 90002 The Tories have revealed they will: 90003 90002 The manifesto — launched on May 18 — promised no one will have to sell their property in their lifetime to fund residential or home care, with the cost of care instead taken from their estate if it is worth at least £ 100,000 when they die.90003 90002 Other manifesto promises include: 90003 90044 90045 Scrapping winter fuel payments to better-off pensioners 90046 90045 An extra £ 4bn on schools in England by 2022 — partly funded by an end to free school lunches for all infant pupils in England 90046 90045 Scrapping the triple-lock on the state pension after 2020 and replacing it with a «double lock», rising with earnings or inflation 90046 90051 90002 Mrs May has said that the Tory Party can offer Britain a «strong and stable leadership in the national interest, with me as your Prime Minister».90003 90002 7 90003 Mr Corbyn believes his party will offer Brits an alternative futureCredit: Reuters 90034 90009 Labour 90010 90037 90002 A leaked manifesto revealed many of the policies planned by Jeremy Corbyn’s party scuppering their full launch. 90003 90002 The party intends to: 90003 90002 Mr Corbyn said: «Labour will be offering the country an effective alternative to a government that has failed to rebuild the economy, delivered failing living standards and damaging cuts to our schools and NHS.»90003 90002 Labour also have a 20-point plan to end the «rigged economy», which includes scrapping tuition fees, abolishing employment tribunal fees and scrapping the public sector pay cap entirely. 90003 90002 7 90003 Mr Farron’s Lib Dems are planning to held a second referendum on the terms of BrexitCredit: PA: Press Association 90034 90009 Liberal Democrats 90010 90037 90002 Tim Farron’s Lib Dems are planning to: 90003 90044 90045 Stop employers forcing staff to identify as self-employed 90046 90045 Hold a second referendum on the terms of Brexit 90046 90045 Increase in the threshold at which students have to pay back tuition fees 90046 90045 Announce measures to help end rough sleeping 90046 90045 Address the critical funding and capacity challenges the NHS faces 90046 90045 £ 7billion extra on education for children 90046 90045 A £ 1billion fund dedicated to mental health services 90046 90045 Completely legalise cannabis with a fully-operational market 90046 90045 An extra month of parental leave for dads 90046 90045 Take over the running of Southern Rail and Govia Thameslink 90046 90051 90002 Mr Farron has also made it clear he is not interested in forming any coalition deal with the Tories or Labour after the election.90003 90002 He called the election «your chance to change the direction of our country». 90003 90002 He added: «If you want to avoid a disastrous hard Brexit. If you want to keep Britain in the single market. If you want a Britain that is open, tolerant and united, this is your chance. » 90003 90002 7 90003 Co-leader of the Green Party Caroline Lucas will continue to campaign for allCredit: Getty Images 90034 90009 The Green Party 90010 90037 90002 The party will: 90003 90044 90045 Scrap tuition fees and bringing back maintenance grants 90046 90045 Offer voters the chance of a second referendum with the option to remain in the EU 90046 90045 Continue the Erasmus student exchange programme after Brexit 90046 90045 Pledge to maintain equivalent funding for universities losing cash from the EU 90046 90045 Ensure the HIV prevention drug PrEP is provided by the NHS 90046 90051 90002 The party also want the voting age in the UK lowered to 16.90003 90002 The Green Party said the election was long overdue and co-leader Jonathan Bartley said the Prime Minister «should have done it before», as she has no mandate «to force through this extreme Brexit». 90003 90002 7 90003 SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon who has urged voters not to allow Scotland to be «dragged back by the Tories» Credit: PA: Press Association 90034 90009 Scottish National Party 90010 90037 90002 Nicola Sturgeon’s party wants: 90003 90044 90045 A pledge to fight a second referendum on Scottish independence 90046 90045 The removal of the Bedroom Tax 90046 90045 Changes to Child Tax Credits policy to get rid of the controversial ‘rape clause’ 90046 90045 A commitment to creating a wealthier, more successful Scotland 90046 90045 The NHS revenue budget to rises by £ 500m more than inflation by the end of the next parliament 90046 90051 90002 SNP councils will also work with the Scottish Government to transform the provision of early learning and childcare.90003 90002 Nicola Sturgeon has called on voters to «stand up for Scotland» ahead of the election. 90003 90002 «The Tories see a chance to move the UK to the right, force through a hard Brexit and impose deeper cuts,» she said. 90003 90002 7 90003 Ukip leader Paul Nuttall has already revealed his Britain Together manifestoCredit: Getty Images 90034 90009 Ukip 90010 90037 90002 Paul Nuttall’s party have made it clear what they will do including: 90003 90044 90045 A ban on full face coverings 90046 90045 An explicit ban on the practice of Sharia Law 90046 90045 Mandatory reporting of Female Genital Mutilation 90046 90045 A moratorium on new Islamic faith schools 90046 90045 A £ 10 billion a year cut in the foreign aid budget 90046 90045 A ‘one in one out’ immigration system 90046 90045 Closure of schools where Islamic ideology being taught and no new Islamic faith schools until integration has made progress 90046 90051 90002 The right-wing party also wants to abolish postal voting over fears of vote rigging.90003 90002 Paul Nuttall has welcomed the snap election, saying: «Every vote for Ukip in this upcoming general election will be a reminder to the PM that the British people want a clean Brexit with restored borders.» 90003 90008 Where do the parties stand on Brexit? 90011 90034 90009 Conservatives 90010 90037 90002 Tory Prime Minister Theresa May was against Brexit before the EU referendum but now says there can be no turning back and that «Brexit means Brexit». The reason she gave for calling a General Election was to strengthen her hand in negotiations with the EU, in which she plans to withdraw the UK from the single market and strike a new free trade deal.More Tory MPs backed Remain than Leave in last year’s referendum — but they now strongly support the UK leaving — in February, only one voted against the government beginning Brexit by invoking Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty. 90003 90034 90009 Labour 90010 90037 90002 The Party campaigned against Brexit in the referendum but now says the result must be honoured, provided workers ‘rights, access to the benefits of the single market and four other tests are met. It has also ruled out a second referendum on the final deal, but wants MPs to have a decisive say on what happens once negotiations are complete.And it would guarantee the right of EU nationals living and working in the UK to stay in the country from «day one» of a Labour government. The vast majority of Labour MPs backed Remain ahead of the referendum — but most followed party orders to allow Article 50 to be invoked in February’s vote. 90003 90034 90009 Lib Dems 90010 90037 90002 The Liberal Democrats are strongly pro-EU, and have promised to stop what they call a «disastrous hard Brexit». They say they will fight with «every fibre of their being» to protect existing aspects of EU membership, such as the single market and the free movement of people, and want another referendum — this time on the terms of the deal struck between the UK and the EU.All of the Lib Dem MPs backed staying in the EU, and seven out of nine opposed Article 50, with two abstaining. 90003 90034 90009 SNP 90010 90037 90002 Leader Nicola Sturgeon has been pushing for Scotland — which voted to remain in the EU — to have a special status after Brexit, including remaining in the single market. She has called for a second independence referendum before the Brexit package has been finalised. The SNP’s 54 MPs voted en masse against triggering Article 50 and are expected to maintain their vocal opposition to Brexit in the next Parliament.90003 90034 90009 The Green Party 90010 90037 90002 Green Party of England and Wales joint leader Caroline Lucas has called for a second EU referendum on the Brexit deal reached with Brussels, and the Greens have promised «full opposition» to what they call «extreme Brexit». 90003 90034 90009 Ukip 90010 90037 90002 Leader Paul Nuttall has vowed to «hold the government’s feet to the fire» on Brexit and will be hoping to take votes from Labour in areas that backed Leave. But with the formal exit process already under way, will the party’s longstanding anti-EU message still have the same resonance.90003 90002 90034 DONNY DEATH SPIKE 90037 Murder probes under way after FIVE women die in seven weeks in one town 90003 90002 Latest 90003 90002 90034 MASK MUDDLE 90037 Wearing facemasks in shops to be compulsory in days 90003 90002 90034 BARN STORM 90037 OAP couple’s fury as neighbour puts up barn right outside their window 90003 90002 90034 DEPP’S ‘RAGE’ 90037 Depp ‘grabbed Amber and hurled magnum of champagne at her’ after losing $ 650m 90003 90002 90034 MISSING BABY 90037 Frantic search for girl, 1, who has been missing for four days in London 90003 90002 90034 ‘JUST AN ACCIDENT’ 90037 Naya’s lake disappearance NOT suicide cops say after chat with son, 4 90003 .90000 SNP Manifesto — General Election 2019 — Scottish National Party 90001 90002 90003 90004 90002 This manifesto sets out how to build a better Scotland. 90004 90002 It’s a manifesto to benefit this and future generations. 90004 90002 At the heart of our case is the belief that decisions about Scotland’s future are best taken by the people who live in Scotland, wherever they come from. 90004 90002 We are an extraordinary country, diverse and outward-looking, with great potential and much to look forward to.But the future of our country is at stake. 90004 90002 This election really matters. 90004 90002 People are heartily sick of Brexit and the mess at Westminster. But there is no end in sight to the Westminster Brexit chaos. 90004 90002 A vote for the SNP is a vote to escape Brexit. 90004 90002 It’s a vote to put Scotland’s future in Scotland’s hands. 90004 90002 SNP MPs will always stand up for Scotland. We answer to the people who live here — not to any leader at Westminster. 90004 90002 This manifesto sets out our plans to keep Scotland and the UK in the EU, protect the NHS, reverse Westminster cuts to the Scottish budget, help with the cost of living, protect the environment and win a fair deal for pensioners.90004 90002 There is a real chance the SNP could hold the balance of power after the election on December 12 and the larger the number of SNP MPs, the more we can do for Scotland. 90004 90002 The SNP is willing to take part in a progressive alliance to lock the Tories out of office. 90004 90002 In any discussion, we will demand that the democratic right of people in Scotland to decide their own future is respected. 90004 90002 As an independent European nation we will always get the governments we vote for; the Scottish Parliament will have full control of tax and social security policy; no Westminster government could ever threaten our NHS and we could choose to spend money on Scotland’s priorities instead of wasting billions of pounds on Trident.90004 90002 So, at this election there is a choice for Scotland. 90004 90002 A chaotic, Brexit-obsessed Westminster could decide our future for us. Or we can demand our right as a country to decide our own future. 90004 90002 It’s time to put Scotland’s future in Scotland’s hands. 90004 90002 90040 90004 .90000 General Election manifesto round-up (29 November 2019) 90001 90002 90003 90002 Ahead of the General Election on 12 December, we have been calling on all Westminster political parties to make society work for autistic people and their families in the next Parliament. Whoever forms the next Government, it’s vital they prioritise supporting autistic people and their families. 90003 90002 This page sets out some of the commitments that the main political parties have made in their manifestos that might be interesting to autistic people and their families.However, the parties have lots of other ideas too. If you would like to find out more about any of them, we have included links to the parties ‘manifestos. 90003 90002 As a charity, we are politically neutral and do not support or oppose any particular political party. We will continue to work with all political parties to make sure autism is a priority. 90003 90010 Parties standing in England 90011 90012 What we’re calling for 90013 90002 In England, the Government has been carrying out a review of the national autism strategy.Our 90015 Not Enough 90016 campaign has highlighted the things that we think this should consider. The new strategy was due to be published by the end of this year, but because of the election this will be delayed. We’re calling on the next government, whoever takes office after the 12 December, to publish the strategy as soon as possible. 90003 Based on our Not Enough calls, we published our own 90018 manifesto 90019, which set out the top things we want all political parties to commit to: 90020 90021 Publish a new autism strategy 90022 90021 Commit to an autism public understanding campaign 90022 90021 Create specialist autism teams in every area to tackle the autism diagnosis crisis 90022 90021 Review the definition of «mental disorder» in the Mental Health Act to stop autistic people being inappropriately detained in mental health hospitals 90022 90021 Continue to fund the Autism Education Trust 90022 90021 Make sure all public sector employees have the autism training they need to create public services that work for autistic people.90022 90033 90002 We have asked our campaigners to sign our open letter to the parties ‘leaders to commit to these things. You can still 90018 sign this letter 90019. 90003 90010 What the parties have said 90011 90002 No party specifically mentioned the autism strategy. However, the Autism Act requires there to be a strategy, so we hope to see this published as soon as possible. We have included the manifestos in the order they were published. 90003 90012 Green Party 90013 90002 The 90018 Green Party 90019 has committed to: 90003 90020 90021 Providing an additional £ 4.5 billion a year to fund councils to provide free social care to people over 65 who need support in their own homes. They would also explore how free social care at home could be extended to everyone who needs it, including working-age disabled adults. 90022 90021 Making sure that everyone who needs mental health support can get it within 28 days. 90022 90021 Increasing funding for schools by at least £ 4bn a year. They have also committed to a «fully inclusive education system», where children with special education needs are able to access their local school and are fully supported in that school.They have also said they will keep specialist schools for people who would prefer this. 90022 90021 Replacing OFSTED with a different system of assessing and supporting schools. 90022 90021 Targeting employment support at those who need it most, including «those excluded from full participation in the economy». 90022 90021 Fully embedding the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) into UK law. 90022 90021 Bringing in Universal Basic Income (UBI), which would mean that everyone would receive a basic income from the Government.There would be a supplement to this for disabled people, and they would maintain Carer’s Allowance on top of it for carers who qualify. 90022 90021 Replacing Universal Credit and ending benefits sanctions. 90022 90021 Supporting councils to better provide housing for disabled people, and to significantly increase the numbers of homes built to mobility standards over the next five years. 90022 90021 Fund these policies by taxing income from investments / assets at the same rate as taxation of income from work, raising tax on corporations and the bank asset tax.90022 90033 90012 The Liberal Democrats 90013 90002 There are two specific mentions of autism in the 90018 manifesto 90019: 90003 90020 90021 «Fully introduce Sir Stephen Bubb’s ‘Time for Change’ report recommendations and ensure that Assessment and Treatment Units are closed urgently. Too many people with profound learning disability or autism are being detained in unacceptable institutions. » 90022 90021 «Increase access to a broader range and number of clinically effective talking therapies so that hundreds of thousands more people can receive this support, with equal access for older people, BAME and LGBT + patients, and people with autism or learning disabilities.»90022 90033 90002 The Liberal Democrats ‘other commitments include: 90003 90020 90021 Increasing NHS and social care funding by £ 7bn a year. This will specifically come from a 1p rise on income tax. They will also look at ideas for a dedicated tax to fund health and care. Their aim is to bring together NHS, social care and public health — pooling budgets in every area and supporting integrated care systems. 90022 90021 Establishing a cross-party health and social care convention to reach agreement on the long-term sustainable funding of a joined-up system of health and social care.90022 90021 Implementing all the recommendations of the independent review of the Mental Health Act. 90022 90021 Introducing additional mental health maximum waiting time standards, starting with children’s services, services for people with eating disorders and severe and enduring conditions. 90022 90021 Ensuring that no one in crisis is turned away and that those admitted to hospital for mental ill-health are able to be treated close to home for all but the most specialist mental health services.90022 90021 Increasing funding for schools, and SEN funding, including an extra 20,000 teachers. They would give councils more funding so that they «halve the amount that schools pay towards the cost of a child’s EHCP». 90022 90021 Replacing OFSTED with a new HM Inspector of Schools, and replacing existing performance tables. 90022 90021 Reducing the wait for first benefits payment for Universal Credit to five days and removing the benefits cap. They would also reverse the previous reduction to the Work-Related Activity Group in Employment and Support Allowance.90022 90021 Replace Work Capability Assessments with a new system run by councils, and reinstate the Independent Living Fund. 90022 90021 In addition to raising revenue specifically for health and social care, they are pledging to raise corporation tax, take action on tax evasion and increase taxes on income from capital. 90022 90033 90012 The Labour Party 90013 90002 There is a specific mention of autism in the 90018 manifesto 90019: 90003 90020 90021 «The provision of additional care packages also means we can support autistic people and people with learning disabilities to move out from inappropriate inpatient hospital settings and provide support in their own homes.»The Shadow Care Minister has said that this includes providing £ 350m per year to improve community care for autistic people. 90022 90033 90002 The Labour Party’s other commitments include: 90003 90020 90021 Increasing funding for the NHS by an average 4.3% a year. This is in order to end patient charges, guarantee standards of healthcare, and train more staff, among other things. 90022 90021 Repealing the Health and Social Care Act. 90022 90021 Establishing a National Care Service for England for people’s social care needs and reform the eligibility criteria.This would include free personal care, starting with older people, with the ambition to extend to all working-age adults. They will include a «lifetime cap on personal contributions» to care costs. 90022 90021 Increasing mental health funding by £ 1.6 billion a year, including improving access to therapies. They also pledged to implement the recommendations set out in the independent review of the Mental Health Act. 90022 90021 Increasing long-term funding for schools and introducing a new funding allocation formula.They also plan to replace OFSTED with a new body. 90022 90021 Recruiting 150,000 additional early years staff, including Special Educational Needs Co-ordinators, and providing the «necessary funding» for children with special educational needs and disabilities. In addition, they commit to ending ‘off-rolling’, to stop pupils from falling out of the system, and to reforming alternative provision. 90022 90021 Reintroducing specialist employment advisors. They would also introduce a Reasonable Adjustments Passport scheme to help people record their needs and move between jobs more easily.They would review support for disabled people at work, including the Access to Work scheme. 90022 90021 Working with employers, trade unions and public services to improve awareness of neurodiversity in the workplace and in society. 90022 90021 Replacing Universal Credit and end the current five-week waiting period for benefits. They are also committing to end sanctions and scrap the benefits cap. In addition, on benefits, they would: 90022 90021 End the current Work Capability Assessment and PIP assessments and bring assessments for these benefits in-house 90022 90021 Increase Employment and Support Allowance by £ 30 per week for those in the Work-Related Activity Group 90022 90021 Raise the basic rate of support for children with a disability to the level of Child Tax Credits 90022 90021 Provide extra support for severely disabled people who do not have a formal carer.90022 90021 Increase the Carer’s Allowance to the level of the Jobseeker’s Allowance. 90022 90021 Give effect to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). 90022 90021 To pay for their commitments, they say they will increase income tax for people earning over £ 80,000, increase corporation tax and reduce tax avoidance. 90022 90033 90012 The Brexit Party 90013 90002 The Brexit Party called their 90018 manifesto 90019 a «Contract». It was shorter than the other parties ‘manifestos.It includes commitments to: 90003 90020 90021 Invest in the NHS, increasing staff. 90022 90021 Abolish hospital targets and introduce 24-hour GP surgeries. 90022 90021 Discuss ring-fencing the NHS budget. 90022 90021 Undertake a 12-month review of Universal Credit to see if it should be reformed. 90022 90033 90012 The Conservative and Unionist Party 90013 90002 There are two specific mentions of autism in the 90018 manifesto 90019: 90003 90020 90021 «Make it easier for people with learning disabilities and autism to be discharged from hospital and improve how they are treated in law.»90022 90021 «Provide £ 74 million over three years for additional capacity in community care settings for those with learning disabilities and autism.» 90022 90033 90002 The Conservative Party’s other commitments include: 90003 90020 90021 Increasing funding to the NHS and recruiting more doctors and nurses. 90022 90021 A three point plan on social care, including: 90022 90033.90000 Conservative Party | History, Facts, Policy, & Structure 90001 90002 History 90003 90004 The Conservative Party is the heir, and in some measure the continuation, of the old Tory Party, members of which began forming «conservative associations» after Britain’s Reform Bill of 1832 extended electoral rights to the middle class. The name Conservative was first used as a description of the party by John Wilson Croker writing in the 90005 Quarterly Review 90006 in 1830. The first Conservative government was formed by Sir Robert Peel, whose program, set out in the Tamworth Manifesto (1834), stressed the timely reform of abuses, the necessity of law and order, an orderly system of taxation, and the importance of both landed interests and trade and industry.90007 90004 Prospects of an extended period of Conservative rule disappeared in 1846 when the party split over the repeal of protectionist regulations known as the Corn Laws, and for most of the next 30 years they were out of government. The party was reorganized by Benjamin Disraeli, prime minister for a few months in тисячу вісімсот шістьдесят вісім and from тисячі вісімсот сімдесят чотири to 1880. The Conservative Central Office, a professional organization established by Disraeli in 1870 році, and the newly formed National Union, which drew together local voluntary associations, gave the party additional unity and strength.At the same time, Disraeli’s emphasis on social reform to reduce the enormous disparity in the living conditions of rich and poor, combined with a strong, activist imperial and foreign policy, helped the party to transcend class barriers. Disraeli’s contribution was to transform the party from one that spoke primarily for landed interests to one that could draw supporters from the middle class and from newly enfranchised workers. 90007 90004 The Conservative Party was further strengthened in 1886 when it allied with the Liberal Unionists, a faction of the Liberal Party that opposed the policy of Home Rule in Ireland put forward by the Liberal leader William Ewart Gladstone.Thus reinforced, the Conservatives held office for all but 3 of the next 20 years, first under the leadership of Lord Salisbury and then under Arthur Balfour. A split over tariff policy caused them to lose the election of 1906 in a disastrous landslide, and they did not regain power until they joined a wartime coalition with the Liberals in May 1915. In the election of 1918 року, most of the candidates elected to support the coalition were Conservatives. 90007 Get exclusive access to content from our тисяча сімсот шістьдесят вісім First Edition with your subscription.Subscribe today 90004 In 1922 Conservative backbenchers forced the party’s withdrawal from the coalition and thereby precipitated the resignation of party leader Austen Chamberlain. The rebellion owed much to the revulsion felt by many backbenchers toward the Liberal leader and prime minister, David Lloyd George, and to their unease over some of the more interventionist reforms introduced by Liberal ministers. A surprise election called in December 1923 by Conservative prime minister Stanley Baldwin proved to be a miscalculation that briefly reunited the ailing Liberal Party and opened the way to a minority Labour Party government, though the Conservatives remained the largest single party and were able to regain power the following year.Apart from another brief Labour administration in 1929-31, the Conservatives dominated national office until 1945. Baldwin emerged as a popular figure and the architect of what he called the «new Conservatism,» an attempt to appeal to the middle class through a modest movement away from the laissez-faire economic policies that the party had advocated since 1918. 90007 90004 Baldwin’s successor as party leader and prime minister, Neville Chamberlain, was forced from office in May 1940 by his own backbenchers because of his poor leadership in the early months of World War II.Chamberlain was replaced by another Conservative, Winston Churchill, who formed a coalition government with the Labour Party. Although Churchill led the country to victory in the war, he failed to lead his own party to success in the first postwar election in 1945. The party’s stunning defeat can be attributed to the electorate’s desire for social reform and economic security, as well as its inclination to blame the Conservatives for not having done enough in the 1930s to alleviate mass unemployment or to thwart the aspirations of dictators.While in opposition, the party reformed its policies and organization. It created a new youth movement (the Young Conservatives) and an education wing (the Conservative Political Centre), revived the party’s research department, and undertook a drive to increase party membership. The party returned to power in 1951 and maintained office until 1964. Under the leadership of Churchill, Anthony Eden, Harold Macmillan, and Alec Douglas-Home, the Conservative Party came to accept the key tenets of the «postwar consensus» with Labour-that is, it recognized the state’s responsibility for maintaining full employment and endorsed the use of techniques of economic-demand management, based on the theories of John Maynard Keynes, to achieve that objective.Moreover, the party did not seek to reverse the welfare measures nor most of the public ownership of industry that had been introduced by Labour in 1945-51. The Conservative government did embark on an extensive house-building program and was able to reduce income taxes while increasing spending on the National Health Service. In the early 1960s, however, an economic downturn and a series of scandals-one of which involved an adulterous affair between the secretary of war and an alleged Soviet spy-undermined the party’s support.90007 90004 From 1964 to +1979 the Conservatives held power alternately with the Labour Party. Under the prime ministership of Edward Heath (1970-74), the party pursued policies designed to deregulate finance and industry. Economic problems led to confrontations with the trade unions, especially the National Union of Miners, and to internal party dissension. Heath called an election in 1 974 and the party lost, allowing Labour to form a minority government. After losing a second national election to Labour in 1974, Heath was succeeded as party leader by Margaret Thatcher, who during her four years as leader of the opposition (1975-79) frequently stated her determination to pursue deregulation and supply-side economic reforms.90007 90004 As prime minister after the Conservatives ‘victory over Labour in 1979, Thatcher attempted to «roll back the state» in the economic sphere, weaken the power of the trade unions, and reduce welfare programs. She combined this ambitious economic agenda-which included the privatization of several state-owned industries and the sale of more than 1.5 million council houses (publicly owned houses) to their tenants-with moral traditionalism and skepticism toward further European integration through the European Economic Community (ultimately succeeded by the European Union).Critics both inside and outside the Conservative Party contended that the «cult of the market» did much to disintegrate the social order, yet Thatcher was able to lead her party to resounding victories in the general elections of 1983 and 1987, owing in part to her decisive leadership in the Falkland Islands War (1982) and to deep divisions in the opposition. Her eventual resignation as party leader (and therefore as prime minister) in 1990 reflected the combined impact of a number of factors, including public protests over a proposal to finance local government through a flat-rate «poll tax,» a series of bitter conflicts with some of her senior ministers, her strident and authoritarian style, and a growing sense among backbenchers that she might prove unable to withstand the electoral challenge of a newly united and considerably reformed Labour Party.90007 90004 Thatcher’s successor, John Major, had held senior ministerial office for only a brief period prior to his selection as prime minister. His less charismatic political style did not prevent him from winning the general election of 1992 року, but he had to contend with a prolonged economic recession, internal party conflict over the question of European integration, and dismally low opinion-poll ratings. The party’s economic policies were questioned after Britain was forced to leave the European exchange-rate mechanism and devalue the pound in тисячі дев’ятсот дев’яносто дві.Further hampered by a series of personal scandals involving prominent officials of Major’s government and facing a rejuvenated Labour Party under Tony Blair, the Conservatives suffered a crushing defeat in the general election of 1997, losing more than half their seats in the House of Commons. 90007 90004 Soon after the тисячі дев’ятсот дев’яносто сім elections, Major resigned as party leader. With some potential leaders suddenly ineligible because they had lost their parliamentary seats, William Hague, former secretary of state for Wales, was elected party leader.Like Disraeli more than a century earlier, the 36-year-old Hague-the youngest Conservative leader in 200 years-set out to reform the party’s organization, reestablish its appeal outside traditional Conservative strongholds, rebuild its image, and end the factional strife that had plagued the Conservatives during their last years in power. Despite those efforts, Hague’s tenure was marked by continued discord, and in 2001 the party suffered a second consecutive landslide defeat to the Labour Party.In 2005, under former home secretary Michael Howard, the Conservatives won some 30 additional seats in the House of Commons but remained well shy of a parliamentary majority. Howard promptly resigned as party leader, and David Cameron presided over the gradual ascent of the Conservatives over the next five years. Having captured 307 seats in the general election of 2010 the Conservatives became the largest party in the House of Commons, but their failure to win an outright majority led to a hung Parliament.Conservative and Labour Party leaders met with the Liberal Democrats over the ensuing days in an effort to secure enough seats to form a new government. When it appeared that those talks would result in a formal «Lib-Con» coalition, Brown announced his resignation and Cameron was confirmed as prime minister of Britain’s first coalition government since World War II. In midterm local elections in 2012 however, neither the Conservatives nor their coalition partners fared well, with the Conservatives losing more than 400 seats in England, Scotland, and Wales.That trend continued in the May 2014 elections for the European Parliament, in which the Conservatives lost seven seats to finish not only just behind Labour but in third place; the United Kingdom Independence Party finished in first place. Opinion polling before the May 2015 U.K. general election promised more of the same, with the Conservative and Labour parties seemingly in a dead heat as late as the eve of the election. In the event, however, the Conservatives pulled off a stunning victory-winning 331 seats, a gain of 24 seats over their showing in the 2010 election-that allowed Cameron to form a majority government.90007 90004 For several years disaffection had been growing within the party over Britain’s continued membership in the European Union. In 2013 Cameron first promised a national referendum on the issue, and in February 2016 he succeeded in winning concessions from EU leaders that were aimed at pleasing Euroskeptics. The party divided in the lead-up to the referendum in 2016, with Cameron leading the «Remain» side and former London mayor Boris Johnson heading up the «Leave» side. In the event, voters chose to leave the EU, and Cameron announced his intention to resign as prime minister and party leader.In July 2016 he was replaced by his home secretary, Theresa May, who became the second woman in British history to serve as prime minister. 90007 90004 Seeking a mandate to bolster her hand in negotiations on the British exit from the EU ( «Brexit»), May called a snap election for June 2017. Opinion polling had led her to anticipate big gains in the House of Commons. However, instead of increasing their presence in the Commons through the election, the Conservatives lost their legislative majority, falling to 318 seats.May was forced to enlist the support of Northern Ireland’s Democratic Unionist Party to empower a minority government. May failed in repeated efforts to win approval from Parliament for the exit agreement that she had negotiated with the EU, and, as a result, she was eventually forced to resign as party leader. Boris Johnson triumphed in the campaign to replace her as leader and became prime minister in July 2019. 90007 90004 Initially, Johnson also failed to push Brexit across the finish line, but, when he turned to British voters in a snap election in December 2019, he was rewarded with a historic landslide victory in which his party won 365 seats, a gain of 47 seats, the biggest triumph for the Conservatives since their Margaret Thatcher-led landmark victory in 1987.90007.