Ответ на вопрос ЕГЭ 2018 Английский язык ПЧ Раздел 1 (аудирование) Задание 1Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обо
Now we are ready to start.
Speaker A
Holiday or no holiday, if I have a business deal going on, I work. At Christmas, for example, I am often quite alone because I’ve got no family or kids but that doesn’t stop me from enjoying myself. Sometimes, I go to a party with some of my single friends but even then, we usually reserve that for the New Year celebration. So you see, this holiday that seems to be so important for so many people, is really just another day for me.
Speaker B
The night before Christmas I take a train to the suburbs to visit my parents. It takes an hour to get there by car but the traffic on Christmas Eve is so bad that it takes hours to drive there. That’s why I take the train. On the morning of the 25th we usually have a leisurely breakfast and open the presents Santa has left for us. Of course, I am all grown up now but believing in Santa is still kind of fun in our family. We like finding small packages in our stockings.
Speaker C
There is really no more fun for me than to spend my Christmas holidays with my big family. My six brothers and sisters all sleep in one room the night before Christmas and before bed my dad reads us Christmas poems. Then he leaves, and we make up a strategy to wake up our parents the next morning. We try to be creative because we want them to get up early to open our presents, and they like us to surprise them with a special wake up call.
Speaker D
You know, Christmas is such a lovely family holiday. My children are all gone from home now with families of their own, but on Christmas morning they come to my house for breakfast. I’ve got 26 grandchildren opening presents around my tree. To say the least, my heart is always full on this day because not only do they open the presents I’ve prepared, but they also bring their presents for me. I love their handmade things – they are filled with love.
Speaker E
I am a student and rather far away from home. Unfortunately, Christmas break is not long enough for me to travel to see my family, so I stay at the dormitory. Our college is very nice because it organizes a Christmas party for everyone who finds themselves alone on this day. The college makes a traditional Christmas meal and puts a big tree in the middle of the dining hall. We all bring a present and put it under the tree for someone else to open.
Speaker F
Our family always takes a holiday during Christmas break. We usually go abroad and celebrate this day in a hotel. One time we were in Africa, so on Christmas Eve we went to the beach and had a barbeque. My parents put our presents under the palm tree outside our hotel room, and that’s where we found them the next morning. I remember laughing that Santa went swimming after delivering our presents that year. I won’t forget that holiday.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. (Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the texts again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers. (Pause 15 seconds.)
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Английский язык. Тренировачный вариант
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Вариант № 780064
1. Задание 1 № 3667
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и
утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только
один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды.
1. Exotic location makes Christmas memorable.
2. Christmas day is nothing special.
3. Adults could still enjoy some magic getting presents.
4. Gifts from young children bring joy.
5. The bigger family, the bigger fun.
6. Christmas away from family can be enjoyable.
7. Christmas is mainly about gift giving.
Говорящий
A
B
C
D
E
F
Утверждение
2. Задание 2 № 2736
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста
(1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни
положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу.
Вы услышите запись дважды.
A) Ivy previously believed she could never learn to use computers.
B) Ivy’s husband Fred is impressed by Paul.
C) Fred has been on a computer course before.
D) Paul refused to take Fred as his trainee.
E) James and Katie will do two evenings a week in September.
F) CLAIT is easier than the Office Skills course.
G) Ivy plans to finish both CLAIT and Office Skills courses by the end of winter.
Запишите в ответ цифры, расположив их в порядке, соответствующем буквам:
A
B
C
D
E
3. Задание 3 № 3669
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Kim’s success as an actress makes her feel …
1) extremely happy.
2) slightly uncomfortable.
3) very disappointed.
4. Задание 4 № 3670
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Kim thinks that acting is …
1) just a job.
2) a way of life.
3) her life priority.
5. Задание 5 № 3671
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
One thing Kim and her heroine have in common is their …
1) life-partner’s occupation.
2) working time-tables.
3) love for kids.
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6. Задание 6 № 3672
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Kim thinks that the most difficult thing for her and her husband is to …
1) raise their children.
2) remain in the spotlight.
3) find more time to be together.
7. Задание 7 № 3673
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
According to Kim, her heroine and she are different in their …
1) public life.
2) personalities.
3) backgrounds.
8. Задание 8 № 3674
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Hosting a TV show for Kim is …
1) a way to learn a new skill.
2) a long-time ambition.
3) a means to relax from her sitcom work.
9. Задание 9 № 3675
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Kim hopes to introduce people who …
1) write about poverty.
2) work with volunteers.
3) deal with world problems.
10. Задание 10 № 729
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте
каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. Footballers’ diets
2. Ideal football shape
3. Length matters
4. Puree instead of pasta
5. Secret born in the USSR
6. Stress or relaxation
7. Flying fruit
8. Referee’s perspective
A. Good footballers must have something in their genes. Scientists have discovered a link between the length of a footballer’s ring
finger and their ability as a player. They compared the ring and index fingers of top players. Players whose ring fingers were longer
compared to their index fingers were more likely to be elite players. Some of the players found to have long ring fingers are Bryan
Robson, Ossie Ardiles, Glenn Hoddle, Sir Stanley Matthews and Gazza.
B. Fitness training is absolutely necessary for a first-rate football team. Jogging up and down the stadium a few times is not enough.
What footballers really need is a quick start. Footballers can get this ability to start running very quickly by using a training method
called ‘plyometrics’. In the 1960s, athletes in the Soviet Union used plyometric exercises to improve their results in jumping. Step
by step, the method has become very important for many sports that include sprinting and jumping.
C. In the past, footballers used to have a big fried breakfast — or even a roast dinner — before a football match. In the new era of
professional football, the menu of modern players has been radically reformed. Arsenal manager, Arsene Wenger, is known for his
scientific method of feeding his team. When he first came to the club in 1996, he at once changed the players’ dinner menus. Sugar,
red meat, chips, fried foods and dairy products were out. Vegetables, fish, chicken and plenty of water were in.
D. French diet specialists heavily criticised the pre-match diet of the England players in Euro ‘96. Their menu of tomato soup and
spaghetti was said to be more likely to produce wind than a win. Potatoes, according to French scientists, make the best meal on the
day of a game. They have glucides, which give the player a lot of energy. They also include useful vitamins. According to one piece
of research, a player should eat 200-300 grams of mashed potatoes, boiled for 20 minutes, exactly three hours before going to the
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game.
E. Physics can explain a football wonder — the banana kick. This happens when a ball suddenly changes its direction at the end of
its flight. At a certain speed, the air flowing over a flying ball becomes ‘turbulent’. This means that the air moves irregularly over
the ball. As the ball slows down, the air becomes ‘smooth’ again. This slowdown makes the ball turn dramatically, creating the
wonderful ‘banana’ kicks that the spectators like so much.
F. These days, footballs are made in a design based on the ‘Buckminster Ball’. The American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller
came up with the design when he was trying to find a way for constructing buildings using a minimum of materials. The ball is a
series of geometrical figures, which can be fitted together to make a round body. The modern football is in fact a Buckminster Ball
consisting of 32 pieces. When they are joined together and filled with air they make a perfect sphere.
G. Research has shown that watching the World Cup is good for our health even if your team goes out on penalties. The scientists
suggest that a common interest and a nationalistic pride are very important. The competition makes people less concentrated on
their own problems. They are also more patient and can cope with crises much easier. Watching football can, however, also be
disappointing, especially when it comes to the decisions of referees and officials. Besides, watching penalties can be very nervous.
Текст
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Заголовок
11. Задание 11 № 40
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в
списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster
Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a
vacuum cleaner A ____ , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.
The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made
her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В ____ .’
The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still
refused С ____ .
In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated
with chocolate under the floorboards. They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts,
they failed to find Fudgie.
In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole D ____ , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to
see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food E ____ .
At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in
the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie F ____ .
The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie
had finally returned.
1. through a small hole in the floor
2. through the hole for the hamster
3. and locked the runaway hamster
4. to come out of the hole
5. to look after the pet
6. to try and locate the missing hamster
7. and left it under the floorboards
Пропуск
A
B
C
D
E
F
Часть предложения
12. Задание 12 № 3340
What does the author like about summer holidays?
1) She works at a day camp.
2) She сan have a summer job.
3) She has no school.
4) She does not have to get up early.
Lazy summer days vs. landscapers
Whether you’re a first grader proud of the fact you survived your first year of full-day education or a grad student desperate for
a study break, summer vacation means one thing to everybody: sleeping in on weekday mornings. There is no alarm to hit at 6:30
and no bus to chase after. And while days might be filled with summer jobs and day camp, those never seem to start quite as early.
So why is there a conspiracy working against students the minute the final bell rings and the last exam is turned in? And the
culprit is visible in any given apartment complex, condo community or public park: landscapers.
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I have lived in many towns and in homes of different shapes and sizes in my short, 23 years on Earth. And yet, no matter where
I call home, I am faced with the same hardship: trying to sleep in on lazy, summer mornings while the lawn mowers are hard at
work on public and private yards.
The townhouse neighborhood I called home when I was a little girl was a jam-packed street. We had more than 250 houses on
my block alone. One of the things my mom loved about that house was its tiny yard.
My mother does not have a green bone in her body . She has killed every herb garden my sister and I have ever given her. So
my mother was thrilled that our front yard was the size of a postage stamp. It, like every other yard on the block, only needed to be
trimmed once a month to look good. And yet, every Monday and Thursday at 7:30 a.m., the city-contracted landscaping team would
drive down our street and unload two or three industrial mowers and go to work on the little patches of public grass around mail
boxes and trees.
Later, when I moved to Michigan, my family and I lived in a condominium complex our first year. As part of the deal, every
yard was landscaped with big bushes and tulip patches. But to keep the yards all looking nice and healthy, the owners had full-time
landscapers keep up with the maintenance. My mother was thrilled to have a full garden without worrying about killing each plant
one by one.
Never having to before, I was thrilled I didn’t have to mow this new yard that was 100 times bigger than the postage stamp one
we had before. But I was not so thrilled when the mowers showed up on Saturday mornings. Saturdays! Were they serious?
Mowing every yard on the street starting at 7 a.m. on a Saturday.
As an adult out on my own, I like that apartments don’t come with yards I have to maintain. I am just getting the hang of
remembering to buy groceries and having my own mailbox to check. If I had to add watering flowers to my to-do list, I would
forget. But what I’m not so thrilled about is that Friday mornings is my building’s scheduled mowing day. I live on the first floor of
my building, with no way to muffle the roar of the mower against the side of the building when it is directly outside my window.
No sleep for me.
I am not so selfish that I don’t understand why mowers work in the morning. Landscapers have multiple customers to serve on
any given day, and the earlier they start the earlier they can be done. Plus, it is cooler in the morning, and preferable, rather than at
noon when the sun is high in the sky. But students work hard all year and look forward to a break from books, tests and alarm
clocks.
So, in order to find a common ground between landscapers and students, I send this challenge out into the universe: whoever
can build a silent lawn mower will get my undying gratitude, love and affection and whatever else they want, I promise!
13. Задание 13 № 3341
What is the author complaining about mentioning the landscapers?
1) The quality of their work.
2) The noise they make.
3) The plants they tend to.
4) The size of the yards.
14. Задание 14 № 3342
The phrase “ does not have a green bone in her body ” in paragraph 5 (“My mother does not have a green bone in her body”) is
closest in meaning to …
1) is not good at gardening.
2) does not eat greens.
3) does not look after her garden.
4) hates planting flowers.
15. Задание 15 № 3343
Which is NOT true about the author’s place in Michigan?
1) Her mother did not like the garden.
2) The mowers worked on weekend mornings.
3) Owners had to hire landscapers.
4) Their yard was much more spacious.
16. Задание 16 № 3344
What does the author say about her independent adult life?
1) She misses her Michigan big yard.
2) She is glad to be living without a yard.
3) She suffers from the lack of sleep.
4) She forgets about checking her mailbox.
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17. Задание 17 № 3345
Landscapers start their work early because …
1) it feels more comfortable.
2) it is better for watering the flowers.
3) they have a very packed schedule.
4) it’s a customers’ requirement.
18. Задание 18 № 3346
What would be the best solution to the problem, according to the author?
1) Invention of a soundless mower.
2) Special agreement with landscapers.
3) Houses without yards.
4) Student protests.
19. Задание 19 № 3594
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово « CHOOSE» так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию
текста.
Did you know?
Here are some interesting facts about Australia. Canberra __________________ as the capital because Sydney and Melbourne
could not stop arguing which city should be the capital of Australia.
20. Задание 20 № 3595
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово IT так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
The sports capital of the world has 70 percent of __________________ total population participating at least once a week in a
particular recreational activity or sport.
21. Задание 21 № 3596
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово ORGANISE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию
текста.
80 % of Australians believe Australia has a strong culture and identity characterised by honesty, sports and multiculturalism
based on research __________________ by the Australia Day Council of NSW in 2008.
22. Задание 22 № 3597
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SEE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
The wolf and the goat
A hungry wolf was out searching for a meal. He
__________________ a goat feeding on grass on top of a high cliff. The wolf wished to get the goat to climb down from the rock
and into his grasp and he called out to her.
23. Задание 23 № 3598
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово GREEN так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
“Excuse me, dear Goat,” he said in a friendly voice, “It is very dangerous for you to be at such a height. Do come down before you
injure yourself. Besides, the grass is much __________________ down here. Take my advice, and please come down from that
high cliff.”
24. Задание 24 № 3599
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово NOT CARE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию
текста.
But the goat knew too well of the wolf’s intent. “You __________________ if I eat good grass or bad.
25. Задание 25 № 3600
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово EAT так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
What you care about is __________________ me.”
26. Задание 26 № 2487
Образуйте от слова AMERICA однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало
содержанию текста.
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English Heritage
Today children love to buy pens and pencils which come in all shapes and colours in stationary shops. But in early
_______________ schools students used a quill pen and ink to write. Since these schools did not have many supplies, children
often had to make their own ink at home.
27. Задание 27 № 2488
Образуйте от слова CREATE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало
содержанию текста.
There were many _______________ ways to make ink. One of the most common ways was to use berries such as
blackberries, cherries or strawberries, depending on the color of ink a student wanted.
28. Задание 28 № 2489
Образуйте от слова WOOD однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало
содержанию текста.
Berries were gathered and then crushed with the help of a __________________ spoon. Their juice was strained into a bowl,
after which salt and vinegar were added to it.
29. Задание 29 № 2490
Образуйте от слова FINAL однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало
содержанию текста.
__________________, the juice was
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On-Line тест ЕГЭ
Тест из нескольких задач по математикеВыполните задания теста:
1.
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1. Exotic location makes Christmas memorable.
2. Christmas day is nothing special.
3. Adults could still enjoy some magic getting presents.
4. Gifts from young children bring joy.
5. The bigger family, the bigger fun.
6. Christmas away from family can be enjoyable.
7. Christmas is mainly about gift giving.
Запишите в таблицу выбранные цифры под соответствующими буквами.
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A. Emily’s history class requires a lot of effort.
B. Grandparents of Sam’s friend are his grandparents’ neighbours.
C. Sam didn’t see his parents for two months.
D. Emily wouldn’t want to spend her summer like Sam.
E. In June Emily was away from home.
F. Emily’s family plan to visit Greece again.
G. Emily won’t be able to show Sam her photos.
Запишите в таблицу выбранные цифры под соответствующими буквами.
3.
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
Kim’s success as an actress makes her feel …
1) extremely happy.
2) slightly uncomfortable.
3) very disappointed.
4.
Kim thinks that acting is …
1) just a job.
3) her life priority.
5.
One thing Kim and her heroine have in common is their …
1) life-partner’s occupation.
2) working time-tables.
3) love for kids.
6.
Kim thinks that the most difficult thing for her and her husband is to …
1) raise their children.
2) remain in the spotlight.
3) find more time to be together.
7.
According to Kim, her heroine and she are different in their …
1) public life.
2) personalities.
3) backgrounds.
8.
Hosting a TV show for Kim is …
1) a way to learn a new skill.
2) a long-time ambition.
3) a means to relax from her sitcom work.
9.
Kim hopes to introduce people who …
1) write about poverty.
2) work with volunteers.
3) deal with world problems.
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
10.
1. Getting around the city
2. Always in a hurry
3. Unknown side of the city
4. Winning and losing
5. The city of skyscrapers
6. For the holiday and more
7. Saving the variety
8. Nickname for a building
A
New York is really the melting pot of the world. Over 30 percent of its residents have come from abroad. It is believed that the city has the greatest linguistic diversity on the planet. There are over 800 different languages spoken by its people. As some of these languages are nearly extinct, the City University of New York has begun a project called the Endangered Language Alliance. Its aim is to preserve rare languages like Bukhari, Vhlaski, and Ormuri
B
New Yorkers love to think they know everything about their city: where to find the best fruit, how to avoid paying full price at museums, what route to take to avoid traffic. But New York City can reveal new treasures even to its veterans. Beyond the city where New-Yorkers work, eat, play and commute every day lies a hidden New York: mysterious, forgotten, abandoned or just overlooked. There are places about which you’re not likely to read in any guidebook.
C
The Chrysler Building was in a race with the Bank of Manhattan for getting the title of the tallest skyscraper in the world. The Bank was likely to triumph, with its height of 282 meters. But the spire of the Chrysler Building was constructed in secret inside the tower. Just one week after the Bank of Manhattan was finished, it was put in place, making it 318 meters tall and beating the Bank. It wouldn’t keep this title for long: one year later the Empire State Building was erected.
D
The Flatiron Building was constructed between 1901 and 1903 at the intersection of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. It was designed by Chicago’s Daniel Burnham as a steel-frame skyscraper covered with white terra-cotta. Built as the headquarters of the Fuller Construction company, the skyscraper was meant to be named Fuller Building. But locals soon started calling it “Flatiron” because of its unusual shap
E
How does Rockefeller Center manage to find the perfect fur-tree each Christmas season? They do aerial searches by helicopter, of course, and bring it to the city during the night when there isn’t much traffic on the streets. After the tree is taken down for the year, it continues to be useful. For example, in 2005 Habitat for Humanity used the wood to make doorframes for houses for the poor and in 2012 the paper was used to publish a book.
F
In New York life never stands still. People have to call cabs, ride subway cars, do business of all kinds, eat pizzas and sandwiches for lunch. When you multiply that by more than eight million people in less than 500 square miles, you get the idea: everyone goes everywhere as fast as it is humanly possible. Whatever you do, don’t stop in the middle of the sidewalk or you’ll make everyone around you incredibly angry.
G
New York is extremely easy to navigate. Manhattan is divided into numbered streets from north to south and avenues from east to west. It’s almost impossible to get lost there. Buses are useful to travel around Manhattan, and the subway is the best means of transport to the other parts of the city. At some stage you’ll definitely use a yellow taxi. Try to get one on an avenue that’s going in the same direction you are – you’ll save time and money. And don’t forget to leave a tip for the driver.
11.
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Nevsky Prospect
Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th – early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg can be seen in the history of the avenue. Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km long and 25-60 m wide. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, A_______________________. After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B_______________________ each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants. The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, C_______________________, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones, D_______________________. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia E_______________________ had their offices there. Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops F_______________________.2. showing the original width of the avenue
3. which was not as straight as it was planned
4. which were built by famous architects and
5. connecting these two important structures with
6. and a few rows of trees were planted along the street
7. as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Driverless cars
Driverless cars are expected to be rolling into the streets within the next 20 years. In fact, they’ve legally been on the roads for the past years, approved for testing purposes. It is predicted that driverless vehicles will be commercially available at a high cost within 7 years, but it may take another 8 years for prices to drop enough to spur mass consumption. Today, the discussions focus primarily on the shifting of accident liability to manufacturers and all the goodness that comes along with reducing accidents. A truly driverless road would not be accident-free as there would still be a number of accidents caused by mechanical or computer errors, weather conditions, pedestrians and sheer random chance. But it would make the now-routine loss of life on the roads far rarer. The concept of a “driver” will be replaced with that of an “operator”, who simply programs the vehicle’s GPS to arrive at the desired destination and pushes the “Start” button to begin the trip. Since judgment will no longer be required of the operator, they won’t need a driver’s license. Theoretically, a 10-year-old child could independently take the car to school in the morning. Computer-operated cars will eventually reshape the car design as things like windshields will become less necessary. Drivers will be able to sit wherever they’d like in their cars. There will be no need for gas and brake pedals as speed will be automatically controlled by the computer. The steering wheel and the turn signal arm can also be eliminated once the public gets used to reliability of these vehicles. Each passenger will have a personal video display informing about a current location, the distance to your destination, speed and personal entertainment selections. The concept of ‘distracted driving’ will disappear as there will be no reason to pay attention to where you are going. Vehicle owners will no longer buy collision insurance since manufacturers will be solely responsible for damage. Owners will only need theft insurance and coverage for hail, falling objects or floods. To take this one step further, personal vehicle ownership may dramatically diminish. Car dealers will have lots full of vehicles for hire on a daily or hourly basis instead of vehicles for sale. When you need a car, you’ll summon one using your mobile phone. The closest unmanned vehicle will be dispatched to your home to take you where you need to go. When done, you’ll simply push the button for the unmanned vehicle to drive itself back to the rental lot. The social and cultural impact of driverless cars could cause far more upheaval than any of us could imagine. Perhaps, it would be even greater than the impact the Internet had on commerce and communication. Obviously, the picture being painted is the one that assumes total adoption, which is far from realistic. You will always have transitional delays caused by the lack of free cars, the longevity of today’s vehicles and cultural resistance. This resembles the historical factors that affected the transition from horse to the automobile. At the moment, the driverless car seems like a novelty. However, it will open up new prospects. The prospect of flying cars may soon become a reality. With computer-controlled vehicles that strictly follow traffic rules, threedimensional roads become far less scary and more a matter of simply solving the technological challenge. Where we’re going, we may not need roads at all.12.
According to the author driverless cars will become cheap enough for most people to buy within the following …
1) 8 years.
2) 15 years.
3) 7 years.
4) 20 years.
13.
Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the text?
1) A driverless car operator won’t be responsible for accidents
2) The age required to operate a driverless car is likely to rise.
3) Driverless cars may increase the number of road accidents.
4) The driverless cars will be voice-activated.
14.
To operate a driverless car, their owners will be required to …
1) set the destination on the GPS
2) have experience in programming.
3) obtain a collision insurance.
4) have a special license.
15.
Which of the following, according to the author, will a driverless car have?
1) Gas and brake pedals.
2) A steering wheel.
3) Video displays.
4) A turn signal arm.
16.
The author claims that with the introduction of driverless cars …
1) personal vehicle ownership will increase.
2) the number of vehicles on the roads will diminish.
3) people will rent vehicles instead of buying them.
4) vehicle owners will spend more money on insurance.
17.
According to the author, driverless cars will be …
1) as important socially as the Internet.
2) enthusiastically accepted by the people.
3) operated without transitional delays.
4) used by people with caution at first.
18.
The attitude of the author towards the driverless cars may be described as …
1) optimistic.
2) negative
3) indifferent
4) unsure.
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.
19.
MEAN
Do you know the origin of the place name Alaska? The name Alaska comes from the Aleut word alaxsxaq, “an object toward which the action of the sea is directed” – that is, the mainland.
20.
FORM
It is also known as Alyeska, the “great land”, an Aleut word from the same root.
21.
CONSIDER
Its nicknames are the Land of the Midnight Sun and America’s Last Frontier. Its first nicknames were “Seward’s folly” and “Seward’s icebox” to laugh at the secretary of state who negotiated the purchase of Alaska from Russia, which foolish at the time.
22.
LOCATE
Have you seen the photos of the London Eye? The London Eye is a giant observation wheel in the Jubilee Gardens on the South Bank of the river Thames.
23.
DESIGN
The structure by the architectural team of David Marks and Julia Barfield, husband and wife.
24.
WIN
They submitted their idea for a large observation wheel as part of a competition to design a landmark for the new millennium. None of the entrants the competition.
25.
THEY
However, the couple pressed on and eventually got the backing of British Airways, who sponsored project.
26.
BEAUTY
Washington National Cathedral is a dramatic Gothic building. It is so that it is considered to be one of the greatest architectural treasures of the world..
27.
SPECIAL
There are various excursions to the cathedral. The best idea is to go online to check the guides’ schedules as they in different aspects of the building’s history.
28.
CONSTRUCT
It took 82 years to build the cathedral – Theodore Roosevelt laid the cornerstone in 1908, and the cathedral’s didn’t technically stop until 1990.
29.
ARGUE
The cathedral provoked strong opposition early on, but later the numerous calmed down.
30.
PEACE
It is great to have a walk around the cathedral along the paths in the garden.
31.
VISIT
The 2011 earthquake caused an estimated $26 million in damages to the cathedral. Repairs are underway, but nevertheless, still have full access to the key areas of interest inside the cathedral.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
When I decided to go travelling, I wanted to get away from everything for a while. I could suddenly feel the freedom and the adventure, and I really wanted it for a 32 ______ time. So I sold all my furniture, gave notice on my flat, quit my job, and then bought a backpack and a ticket halfway around the world. During my first stopover in Singapore, on my way to Australia, I felt nervous. I sat tired and hungry in my hotel room, 33 ______ with my wish to take a flight straight back home. Because if I felt lonely after 34 ______ 14 hours, could I honestly do this for another 12 months? Fortunately, something inside encouraged me not to 35 ______ up and to see the night through, and I carried on. One of my worries setting out had been meeting rude people, but I didn’t come across a single unkind person on my travels. In fact, the people I met were everything I tried to be: kind, considerate, creative, down to earth, passionate, warm and friendly. 36 ______ I travelled on my own, I was never alone – all the people I met became my friends. For example, one Italian girl gave me her jumper when I was cold, a Japanese girl helped me cook a meal, and another girl helped me with my bags on a train. Once I met a group on a tour bus who persuaded me to 37 ______ them on a boat trip, which ended up being one of the best trips of my life. And the guy I met 38 ______ chance walking down a mountain on Christmas Day is now one of my closest friends.
32.
1) big
2) high
3) long
4) huge
33.
1) striving
2) straining
3) striking
4) struggling
34.
1) else
2) just
3) still
4) yet
35.
1) give
2) take
3) keep
4) make
36.
1) therefore
2) moreover
3) however
4) although
37.
1) connect
2) join
3) unite
4) link
38.
1) on
2) at
3) to
4) by
xn--80aaaadd8ayackewfd8a2c7d5b6dg.xn--p1ai
En demo 2018 pismenno
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
Проект
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 2 / 32)
Единый государственный экзамен по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Пояснения к демонстрационному варианту
ПИСЬМЕННОЙ ЧАСТИ
контрольных измерительных материалов единого государственного
экзамена 2018 года по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Единый государственный экзамен по ИНОСТРАННЫМ ЯЗЫКАМ
Демонстрационный вариант
контрольных измерительных материалов
единого государственного экзамена
2018 года по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
(письменная часть)
подготовлен Федеральным государственным бюджетным
научным учреждением
«ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ»
При ознакомлении с демонстрационным вариантом письменной части
контрольных измерительных материалов ЕГЭ 2018 г. следует иметь в виду,
что задания, включённые в него, не отражают всех вопросов содержания,
которые будут проверяться с помощью вариантов КИМ в 2018 г. Полный
перечень вопросов, которые могут контролироваться на едином
государственном экзамене 2018 г., приведён в кодификаторе элементов
содержания и требований к уровню подготовки выпускников
образовательных организаций для проведения единого государственного
экзамена 2018 г. по английскому языку.
Работа состоит из четырёх разделов: «Аудирование», «Чтение»,
«Грамматика и лексика», «Письмо».
Раздел 1 («Аудирование») содержит 9 заданий. Рекомендуемое время на
выполнение заданий раздела 1 составляет 30 минут.
Раздел 2 («Чтение») содержит 9 заданий. Рекомендуемое время на
выполнение заданий раздела 2 составляет 30 минут.
Раздел 3 («Грамматика и лексика») содержит 20 заданий. Рекомендуемое
время на выполнение заданий раздела 3 составляет 40 минут.
Раздел 4 («Письмо») состоит из 2 заданий. Рекомендуемое время на
выполнение заданий этого раздела работы – 80 минут.
Назначение демонстрационного варианта заключается в том, чтобы
дать возможность любому участнику ЕГЭ и широкой общественности
составить представление о структуре будущих КИМ, количестве заданий,
об их форме и уровне сложности. Приведённые критерии оценки выполнения
заданий с развёрнутым ответом, включённые в этот вариант, дают
представление о требованиях к полноте и правильности записи развёрнутого
ответа.
Эти сведения позволят выпускникам выработать стратегию подготовки
к ЕГЭ.
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 3 / 32)
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
Демонстрационный вариант
контрольных измерительных материалов
для проведения в 2018 году единого государственного экзамена
по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
1
Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх
разделов (аудирование, чтение, грамматика и лексика, письмо), включающих
в себя 40 заданий.
На выполнение экзаменационной работы отводится 3 часа (180 минут).
Ответы к заданиям 3–9, 12–18 и 32–38 записываются по приведённому
ниже образцу в виде одной цифры, которая соответствует номеру
правильного ответа. Эту цифру запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы,
а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.
Ответ:
2
КИМ
Ответ:
Бланк
Раздел 4 («Письмо») состоит из 2 заданий (39 и 40) и представляет собой
небольшую письменную работу (написание личного письма и письменного
высказывания с элементами рассуждения). В бланке ответов № 2 укажите
номер задания и запишите ответ к нему.
Все бланки ЕГЭ заполняются яркими чёрными чернилами.
Допускается использование гелевой, или капиллярной, или перьевой ручек.
При выполнении заданий можно пользоваться черновиком. Записи
в черновике не учитываются при оценивании работы.
Баллы, полученные Вами за выполненные задания, суммируются.
Постарайтесь выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрать наибольшее
количество баллов.
Желаем успеха!
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
A B C D E
F
Утверждение
Бланк
5 2 4 1 7 3
Ответ: HASSURVIVED.
Exotic location makes Christmas memorable.
Christmas day is nothing special.
Adults could still enjoy some magic getting presents.
Gifts from young children bring joy.
The bigger family, the bigger fun.
Christmas away from family can be enjoyable.
Christmas is mainly about gift giving.
Говорящий
Ответы к заданиям 19–31 записываются по приведённому ниже образцу
в виде слова (нескольких слов). Ответ запишите в поле ответа в тексте
работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.
КИМ
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между
высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными
в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное
соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее
утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы
в таблицу.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Ответы к заданиям 1, 2, 10, 11 записываются по приведённому ниже
образцу в виде последовательности цифр. Эту последовательность цифр
запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк
ответов № 1.
A B C D E F
(2018 — 4 / 32)
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Инструкция по выполнению работы
КИМ
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
Бланк
2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G
соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют
(2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя
дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated).
Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы
услышите запись дважды.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Emily’s history class requires a lot of effort.
Grandparents of Sam’s friend are his grandparents’ neighbours.
Sam didn’t see his parents for two months.
Emily wouldn’t want to spend her summer like Sam.
In June Emily was away from home.
Emily’s family plan to visit Greece again.
Emily won’t be able to show Sam her photos.
Утверждение
A B C D E
F G
Соответствие диалогу
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 5 / 32)
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2
или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы
услышите запись дважды.
3
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
7
1) extremely happy.
2) slightly uncomfortable.
3) very disappointed.
4
8
One thing Kim and her heroine have in common is their …
1) life-partner’s occupation.
2) working time-tables.
3) love for kids.
Ответ:
6
Kim thinks that the most difficult thing for her and her husband is to …
1) raise their children.
2) remain in the spotlight.
3) find more time to be together.
Hosting a TV show for Kim is …
1) a way to learn a new skill.
2) a long-time ambition.
3) a means to relax from her sitcom work.
1) just a job.
2) a way of life.
3) her life priority.
5
According to Kim, her heroine and she are different in their …
Ответ:
Kim thinks that acting is …
Ответ:
(2018 — 6 / 32)
1) public life.
2) personalities.
3) backgrounds.
Kim’s success as an actress makes her feel …
Ответ:
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
Ответ:
9
Kim hopes to introduce people who …
1) write about poverty.
2) work with volunteers.
3) deal with world problems.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои
ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера
соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе
ответов в заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых
и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной
клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Ответ:
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 7 / 32)
Раздел 2. Чтение
10
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.
Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один
раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Getting around the city
Always in a hurry
Unknown side of the city
Winning and losing
5.
6.
7.
8.
The city of skyscrapers
For the holiday and more
Saving the variety
Nickname for a building
A. New York is really the melting pot of the world. Over 30 percent of its
residents have come from abroad. It is believed that the city has the greatest
linguistic diversity on the planet. There are over 800 different languages
spoken by its people. As some of these languages are nearly extinct, the City
University of New York has begun a project called the Endangered Language
Alliance. Its aim is to preserve rare languages like Bukhari, Vhlaski, and
Ormuri.
B. New Yorkers love to think they know everything about their city: where to find
the best fruit, how to avoid paying full price at museums, what route to take to
avoid traffic. But New York City can reveal new treasures even to its veterans.
Beyond the city where New-Yorkers work, eat, play and commute every day
lies a hidden New York: mysterious, forgotten, abandoned or just overlooked.
There are places about which you’re not likely to read in any guidebook.
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 8 / 32)
E. How does Rockefeller Center manage to find the perfect fur-tree each
Christmas season? They do aerial searches by helicopter, of course, and bring it
to the city during the night when there isn’t much traffic on the streets. After
the tree is taken down for the year, it continues to be useful. For example, in
2005 Habitat for Humanity used the wood to make doorframes for houses for
the poor and in 2012 the paper was used to publish a book.
F. In New York life never stands still. People have to call cabs, ride subway cars,
do business of all kinds, eat pizzas and sandwiches for lunch. When you
multiply that by more than eight million people in less than 500 square miles,
you get the idea: everyone goes everywhere as fast as it is humanly possible.
Whatever you do, don’t stop in the middle of the sidewalk or you’ll make
everyone around you incredibly angry.
G. New York is extremely easy to navigate. Manhattan is divided into numbered
streets from north to south and avenues from east to west. It’s almost
impossible to get lost there. Buses are useful to travel around Manhattan, and
the subway is the best means of transport to the other parts of the city. At some
stage you’ll definitely use a yellow taxi. Try to get one on an avenue that’s
going in the same direction you are – you’ll save time and money. And don’t
forget to leave a tip for the driver.
Ответ:
A B C D E
F G
C. The Chrysler Building was in a race with the Bank of Manhattan for getting the
title of the tallest skyscraper in the world. The Bank was likely to triumph, with
its height of 282 meters. But the spire of the Chrysler Building was constructed
in secret inside the tower. Just one week after the Bank of Manhattan was
finished, it was put in place, making it 318 meters tall and beating the Bank. It
wouldn’t keep this title for long: one year later the Empire State Building was
erected.
D. The Flatiron Building was constructed between 1901 and 1903 at the
intersection of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. It was designed by Chicago’s
Daniel Burnham as a steel-frame skyscraper covered with white terra-cotta.
Built as the headquarters of the Fuller Construction company, the skyscraper
was meant to be named Fuller Building. But locals soon started calling it
“Flatiron” because of its unusual shape. The name stuck and soon became
official.
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
11
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 9 / 32)
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений,
обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.
Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений,
в таблицу.
Nevsky Prospect
Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The
unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th –
early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the
centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg
can be seen in the history of the avenue. Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km long and 25-60
m wide. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River,
A_______________________.
After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky
Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B_______________________
each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants.
The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through
the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road,
C_______________________, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky
Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones,
D_______________________. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas
lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial
centre of Russia E_______________________ had their offices there.
Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of
St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants,
cafés, shops F_______________________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
and hotels there or nearby the avenue
showing the original width of the avenue
which was not as straight as it was planned
which were built by famous architects and
connecting these two important structures with
and a few rows of trees were planted along the street
as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America
Ответ:
A B C D E
F
© 2018 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки Российской Федерации
Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2018 г.
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.
(2018 — 10 / 32)
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании
запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному
Вами варианту ответа.
Driverless cars
Driverless cars are expected to be rolling into the streets within the next 20
years. In fact, they’ve legally been on the roads for the past years, approved for
testing purposes. It is predicted that driverless vehicles will be commercially
available at a high cost within 7 years, but it may take another 8 years for prices to
drop enough to spur mass consumption.
Today, the discussions focus primarily on the shifting of accident liability to
manufacturers and all the goodness that comes along with reducing accidents. A
truly driverless road would not be accident-free as there would still be a number of
accidents caused by mechanical or computer errors, weather conditions,
pedestrians and sheer random chance. But it would make the now-routine loss of
life on the roads far rarer.
The concept of a “driver” will be replaced with that of an “operator”, who
simply programs the vehicle’s GPS to arrive at the desired destination and pushes
the “Start” button to begin the trip. Since judgment will no longer be required of
the operator, they won’t need a driver’s license. Theoretically, a 10-year-old child
could independently take the car to school in the morning.
Computer-operated cars will eventually reshape the car design as things like
windshields will become less necessary. Drivers will be able to sit wherever they’d
like in their cars. There will be no need for gas and brake pedals as speed will be
automatically controlled by the computer. The steering wheel and the turn signal
arm can also be eliminated once the public gets used to reliability of these vehicles.
Each passenger will have a personal video display informing about a current
location, the distance to your destination, speed and personal entertainment
selections. The concept of ‘distracted driving’ will disappear as there will be no
reason to pay attention to where you are going.
Vehicle owners will no longer buy collision insurance since manufacturers
will be solely responsible for damage. Owners will only need theft insurance and
coverage for hail, falling objects or floods. To take this one step further, personal
vehicle ownership may dramatically diminish. Car dealers will have lots full of
vehicles for hire on a daily or hourly basis instead of vehicles for sale. When you
need a car, you’ll summon one using your mobile phone. The closest unmanned
vehicle will be dispatched to your home to take you where you need t
freedocs.xyz
Ответы и решение – Демоверсия Единый государственный экзамен ЕГЭ 2018 АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Ответы и решение – Демоверсия Единый государственный экзамен ЕГЭ 2018 АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК проект
Пояснения: Галяутдинова Алсу Айдаровна
1. Аудирование.
А. 2(Christmas day is nothing special)
Speaker A
Holiday or no holiday, if I have a business deal going on, I work. At Christmas, for example, I am often quite alone because I’ve got no family or kids but that doesn’t stop me from enjoying myself. Sometimes, I go to a party with some of my single friends but even then, we usually reserve that for the New Year celebration. So you see, this holiday that seems to be so important for so many people, is really just another day for me.
B.3(Adults could still enjoy some magic getting presents)
Speaker B
The night before Christmas I take a train to the suburbs to visit my parents. It takes an hour to get there by car but the traffic on Christmas Eve is so bad that it takes hours to drive there. That’s why I take the train. On the morning of the 25th we usually have a leisurely breakfast and open the presents Santa has left for us. Of course, I am all grown up now but believing in Santa is still kind of fun in our family. We like finding small packages in our stockings.
C.5(The bigger family, the bigger fun.)
Speaker C
There is really no more fun for me than to spend my Christmas holidays with my big family. My six brothers and sisters all sleep in one room the night before Christmas and before bed my dad reads us Christmas poems. Then he leaves, and we make up a strategy to wake up our parents the next morning. We try to be creative because we want them to get up early to open our presents, and they like us to surprise them with a special wake up call.
D.4(Gifts from young children bring joy.)
Speaker D
You know, Christmas is such a lovely family holiday. My children are all gone from home now with families of their own, but on Christmas morning they come to my house for breakfast. I’ve got 26 grandchildren opening presents around my tree. To say the least, my heart is always full on this day because not only do they open the presents I’ve prepared, but they also bring their presents for me. I love their handmade things – they are filled with love.
E.6(Christmas away from family can be enjoyable.)
Speaker E
I am a student and rather far away from home. Unfortunately, Christmas break is not long enough for me to travel to see my family, so I stay at the dormitory. Our college is very nice because it organizes a Christmas party for everyone who finds themselves alone on this day. The college makes a traditional Christmas meal and puts a big tree in the middle of the dining hall. We all bring a present and put it under the tree for someone else to open.
F.1(Exotic location makes Christmas memorable. )
Speaker F
Our family always takes a holiday during Christmas break. We usually go abroad and celebrate this day in a hotel. One time we were in Africa, so on Christmas Eve we went to the beach and had a barbeque. My parents put our presents under the palm tree outside our hotel room, and that’s where we found them the next morning. I remember laughing that Santa went swimming after delivering our presents that year. I won’t forget that holiday.
2. Аудирование.
1132232
Emily: Hello, Sam! How are you? How was your first day of classes?
Sam: Hello, Emily! I am well. Classes this semester seem interesting, but I am sure they will be a lot of work, as always.
Emily: Yeah, mine look that way, too. My history teacher told us that we will have to write four research papers by December and will have five big tests. It’s a good thing, I like history.
Sam: No kidding, I think my biology class will be the same way. Our teacher is very demanding. But with all the summer rest we’ve had, we should have enough energy, right?
Emily: Yes, by the way, Sam, how was your summer? Did you do anything special?
Sam: It was great. I spent two months at my grandparents’ cottage on a lake. My grandfather is into fishing, so every day we went out on a boat with him. The weather was hot, so I was able to sunbathe and swim a lot. My friend was visiting his grandparents in the cottage next door, so we spent some time running around the countryside, climbing trees and picking wild berries.
Emily: Sounds like a nice relaxing summertime. I wish I had done the same. I envy you for having spent it outdoors because my summer wasn’t nearly as active as yours.
Sam: Really? Why not? What did you do this summer?
Emily: I spent June on the couch in my flat, reading books and watching some boring TV shows. All my friends were gone by then, so I didn’t even have anyone to go roller skating or bike riding with. Then in July I went to the seaside with my family. We visited Greece but the sea was stormy most of the time, so we mostly did some sightseeing and shopping. We swam only two times! The most exciting part of the trip was visiting the ruins of Athens.
Sam: Wow, did you see the famous Parthenon? Is it as beautiful as they told us in history class?
Emily: Yes, it is very graceful and the feeling of visiting such an ancient place is amazing, so I took a lot of pictures.
Sam: I would love to see them when you get the chance. Have you got them on your phone?
Emily: No, I took them with my camera, so you can see them on my computer. I am also making a photo album of my trip to Greece, so when I am finished, why don’t you come over and look at it?
Sam: I’d really like that, thanks. Let me know when it would be a good time to do that.
Emily: I will. I have to run now, time to get some homework done. Bye, Sam!
Sam: Bye, Emily!
3.2
Presenter: Kim, your last success as a hockey wife in the sitcom “Married to an Ice Rink” is unbelievable. You are considered the sitcom actress of the year. How do you feel about that?
Kim: Well, it is great, of course, but I’ve never really been big on all that attention. I simply try to do my job well, and I guess it pays off, but all the noise around my success is not really my cup of tea.
4.1
Presenter: What do you mean? Do you not like to be seen as glamorous?
Kim: Not really. It’s funny but I am first a mother and a wife and then an actress. You know, I see this as a job and not as a life-style. It is what I am good at, and it brings money, good money, of course, but this job doesn’t own me.
5.1
Presenter: I’ve heard that you have an unusual outlook on life for a celebrity. Tell us a bit more about your role as a family woman.
Kim: It’s ironic, really, but in this last sitcom I play a hockey player’s wife, but at the same time that’s who I am in real life as well. My husband is a well-known hockey player, and we have three kids. All the kids are in school now, but they are still my main priority in life. We do a lot together.
6.3
Presenter: That’s interesting. Do you think that is why your role in “Married to an Ice Rink” came so naturally to you?
Kim: Maybe. Of course, my heroine is quite different from me in terms of character and temperament, but the day to day routines of juggling my husband’s schedule and mine were very familiar to me. We are both very active, public, busy people, so we work extra hard not to lose our close connection to each other.
7.2
Presenter: You said your heroine is different from you, could you tell us how so?
Kim: Sure, Lisa, my heroine, is selfish and ambitious and I prefer to put the needs of others first. Also, she is very athletic, a lot more than me. I work out twice or three times a week and Lisa goes to the gym daily. She also has a million friends whereas I have a couple of close friends and spend time with family more. Those are the main differences, I believe.
8.2
Presenter: It must’ve been challenging to play such a different person but you did an excellent job. Tell us, what are your plans for the future? Will this sitcom have another season?
Kim: Yes, and I will be starring again as Lisa, but this will be our last season. My contract is for two years. I am looking into some TV journalism, doing some talk shows or hosting a show of my own. I have a university degree in media, so this is something I’ve been dreaming of since I finished studying. My acting career picked up from the time I graduated, so I haven’t had time to slow down and do something different. So, I believe next year I will try something new.
9.3
Presenter: How exciting! What kind of people would you want to invite to your shows?
Kim: I am hoping to hear from people who do something to change the world. I’ve been reading about men and women who volunteer in difficult areas of our globe, where there is fighting, hunger, destitution. I would love to listen to their stories and have the audience get acquainted with these modern day heroes.
10. 7348621
A.7
As some of these languages are nearly extinct, the City University of New York has begun a project called the Endangered Language Alliance. Its aim is to preserve rare languages like Bukhari, Vhlaski, and Ormuri.
B.3
But New York City can reveal new treasures even to its veterans. Beyond the city where New-Yorkers work, eat, play and commute every day lies a hidden New York: mysterious, forgotten, abandoned or just overlooked. There are places about which you’re not likely to read in any guidebook.
C.4
But the spire of the Chrysler Buildingwas constructed in secret inside the tower. Just one week after the Bank of Manhattan was finished, it was put in place, making it 318 meterstall and beating the Bank. It wouldn’t keep this title for long: one year later the Empire State Building was erected.
D.8
the skyscraper was meant to be named Fuller Building. But locals soon started calling it “Flatiron” because of its unusual shape. The name stuck and soon became official.
E.6
They do aerial searches by helicopter, of course, and bring it to the city during the night when there isn’t much traffic on the streets. After the tree is taken down for the year, it continues to be useful.
F.2
When you multiply that by more than eight million people in less than 500 square miles, you get the idea: everyone goes everywhere as fast as it is humanly possible. Whatever you do, don’t stop in the middle of the sidewalk or you’ll make everyone around you incredibly angry.
G.1
Buses are useful to travel around Manhattan, and the subway is the best means of transport to the other parts of the city. At some stage you’ll definitely use a yellow taxi. Try to get one on an avenue that’s going in the same direction you are – you’ll save time and money.
11. 253671
A.2
The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, showing the original width of the avenue.
B.5
After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road connecting these two important structures with each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants.
C.3
The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, which was not as straight as it was planned but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783.
D.6
The road was paved with cobble stones, and a few rows of trees were planted along the street .
E.7
By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America had their offices there.
F.1
There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops and hotels there or nearby the avenue.
12.2
It is predicted that driverless vehicles will be commercially available at a high cost within 7 years, but it may take another 8 years for prices to drop enough to spur mass consumption.
13.1
Today, the discussions focus primarily on the shifting of accident liability to manufacturers and all the goodness that comes along with reducing accidents
14.1
The concept of a “driver” will be replaced with that of an “operator”, who simply programs the vehicle’s GPS to arrive at the desired destination
15.3
Each passenger will have a personal video display informing about a current location
16.3
Vehicle owners will no longer buy collision insurance since manufacturers will be solely responsible for damage.
17.4
The social and cultural impact of driverless cars could cause far more upheaval than any of us could imagine.
18.1
Obviously, the picture being painted is the one that assumes total adoption, which is far from realistic.
19. meaning -noun
20. formed –verb
21.was considered- to be+verb in second form
22. located-verb
23. was designed- to be+verb in second form
24. won- irregular verb( win-won)
25.their ( they-their- pronoun of appurtenance)
26. beautiful- adjective
27. specialize –verb
28. Construction-noun
29.arguments- noun in plural
30. peaceful –adjective
31. visitors- noun in plural
32. 3. Long time
33. 4. Struggling with –борющийся c
34. 2. After just
35. 1. Give up
36. 4. Although-хотя
37. 2. Join them-присоединиться к ним
38. 4. By change
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